ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor on the inflammatory injury and the secondary remote damage in remote areas of the CA1 region in the right hippocampus of the focal cerebral ischemic/reperfusion rats,and the NF-κB essential modifier binding domain (NBD) peptide was used to inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway to explore the function and mechanism of the NBD peptide in restraining inflammatory injury and reducing secondary remote damage in the hippocampus CA1 region.Methods According to the random number table,the male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham group (n =24),an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)group (n =38),a NBD group (n =38) and a modified type peptide (MT-NBD) group (n =38),then at the time point of 24 h and 7 d after reperfusion,the above 4 groups were divided into 2 subgroups.The experimental models were made by middle cerebral artery occlusion (modified line plug method) for 2 hours.The NBD peptide and the MT-NBD peptide were respectively injected into the right hippocampus of the experimental groups.The injury of neurons was examined by the methods of H&E and Fluoro-Jade B-(FJB)staining.The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-1Ra were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expressions of NF-κB p65 and IκBα were analyzed by Western blotting and the double-labelling immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NBD group (24 h 0.206 ±0.013,7 d 0.090 ±0.012) and the sham group (24 h 0.120 ±0.007,7 d 0.100 ±0.014),the NF-κB p65 protein expression in the I/R group (24 h 2.340 ± 0.101,7 d 2.440 ± 0.081) was increased significantly (q =64.431,66.704,67.747,56.624,all P ＜ 0.05).The level of IL-1β was remarkably increased in the I/R group (24 h (1.850 ±0.192) ng/ml,7 d (1.000 ±0.178) ng/ml) compared with the NBD group (24 h (1.250 ± 0.211) ng/ml,7 d (0.560 ± 0.183) ng/ml,q =10.730,9.710,P ＜0.05).The percent of survival neurons was significantly lower in the I/R group (24 h 27.50％ ± 3.59％,7 d 28.10％ ±4.46％) and the MT-NBD group (24 h 27.30％ ±4.53％,7 d 26.30％ ±5.03％)than the NBD group (24 h 58.90％ ± 3.46％,7 d 68.40％ ±4.20％,q =19.949,19.731,2.139,22.249,all P ＜0.05).The FJB staining showed that the number of neuron degeneration in the I/R group (24 h 28.10 ±2.13,7 d 29.50 ±2.45) was higher than the NBD group (24 h 12.50 ±2.41,7 d 9.30 ±2.52,q =3.211,4.521,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the other three groups (sham group:24 h 0.130 ± 0.008,7 d 0.150 ±0.010;I/R group:24 h 1.340 ±0.213,7 d 1.750 ±0.119;MT-NBD group:24 h 1.250 ±0.114,7 d 1.620 ±0.097),the IκBα protein expression in the NBD group (24 h 1.680 ±0.148,7 d 2.010 ±0.085) was significantly increased (q =6.348,9.139,9.414,1.711,5.277,5.555,all P ＜0.05).Compared with the I/R group (24 h (0.570 ± 0.028) ng/ml,7 d (0.430 ± 0.039) ng/ml) and the MT-NBD group (24 h (0.490 ± 0.042) ng/ml,7 d (0.380 ± 0.018) ng/ml),the level of IL-1Ra in the NBD group (24 h (1.390 ± 0.055) ng/ml,7 d (1.250 ± 0.043) ng/ml) was remarkably increased (q =4.577,6.205,9.683,6.389,all P ＜ 0.05).The results between the I/R group and the MT-NBD group were not significantly different.Conclusions The research shows that NBD peptide treatment contributes to altering the NF-κB p65/IκBα expression in nucleus effectively.And it directly regulates the NF-κB activation to alleviate the inflammatory injury in the hippocampus CA1 region after the secondary remote damage.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the correlation of ABO blood group and serum cystatin C level and decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods Retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 472 patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis,and compared with 681 healthy control volunteers.All the informations such as gender,age,family history of liver disease,hepatitis B virus infection,hepatic function classification,complications of portal hypertension and the distribution of ABO blood group were observed.Results The highest incidence of decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis was found in A blood group.There was no significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood group for patients with different age (P ＞ 0.05).Significant correlations were observed between AB blood group and family history of hepatitis B patients,expansion of the portal veines ＞ 1.5 cm,esophageal varices,cirrhosis complications,hepatic function classification (P ＜ 0.01).C ystatin C expression was increased with hepatic function classification (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The risk of liver cirrhosis is increased in patients with A blood group.Compare with other blood group,patients with AB blood group has a serious progression.The level of nitrogen,creatinine,cystatin C in decompensated cirrhosis are significantly higher than healthy controls.The level of cystatin C expression is increased with hepatic function classification.Cystatin C may be a potential marker in the classification of hepatic function.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Fuyuan Capsule (FC) on vascular endothelial cell function of rats with qi deficiency and blood stasis.Method Forty-eight 16-month-old SD rats were equally randomized to 5 groups:FC group,positive control group (Qishen Capsule),model group and blank control group.Rat models of qi deficiency and blood stasis were induced by exertion,starvation and cold.The mice were given the drugs by gastric perfusion for 4 weeks.After treatment,endothelin (ET),6-keto-prostaglandin F_(1a) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were mea- sured.Results NO and 6-keto-PGF_(1a) levels were lower in the model group than those in the blank control group (P